I have been involved in delivery of automated bike hire schemes since 1996, when the 2 schemes in Portsmouth & Rotterdam were part of the EU CIVITAS/VIVALDI programme to deliver a Total Mobility offer, with a single 'account' using an RFID card to hire bikes, use car club cars, use buses, and trains, paying a single monthly bill to a single provider
This was launched in Belgium 16 years ago by the Public Transport operator TEC. Scrap an old car and you got 3 years free bus travel, car club membership, plus a folding bike for €12/month
I was involved with the launch of several schemes including Brompton Hire in 2009, where Brian Souter, whose managers I'd had dealings with to deliver cycle carriage on buses & coaches from 1996 onwards, told his managers at SW Trains that he wanted to hire Bromptons as a way to offer faster door to door journeys for passengers. This was a genius detail as users paid for the hire at the ticket counter in Waterloo, and then went down to Lower Road SE1 (not even known to London taxi drivers!) where the bikes were kept in the lost property store to hanbd out and receive back
Before long there were 100 Bromptons out on near continuous hire with a waiting list, and in 2010 I worked to marry Brompton with a company making automated lockers. With DfT support the first Brompton hire lockers were launched at Guildford, and an early user cut 25 minutes from his morning commute from Guildford to Knightsbridge, plus the added costs of a London Zones supplement with 2 changes of train, by just travelling to Clapham Junction and cycling
From the survey data for the Copenhagen free city bikes (launched 1995) I also assessed the typical patterns for most city bike hires, plus the very different pattern for Brompton hire, which the Barca scheme (Bi-cing) - launched a year before Paris, by Clear Channel, also replicated, with typically 1 bike hired 8 times in a day
The Brompton Hire units now have 8 lockers, which require 1.6m² of space along the face of a wall or free standing, and the lockers can store 8 bikes. From the outset this system was designed to normally operate with no hard wired connections, using solar power to release the locks, and 4g/wifi for the data links. For a well serviced location one unit can support up to 32 bikes out on hire, with typical hires lasting several days or longer. The detail is that users do have to book collection and return slots to ensure there is a bike/space available
In a return to the original deal Brompton now also 'lease' the same bikes with prices starting at £35 per month (for long term leases). Bikes are courier delivered, ready to use, and a regime of bike swap for servicing is used
Frustratingly the bureaucratic inertia of Network Rail means that Brompton Hire units are going in at sites just outside stations, with my long term contacts at Hitrans being early customers, placing hire units just outside Elgin Station (at supermarket?), just outside Inverness (Falcon Square) and just outside Oban (bus stops), the relatively low cost I believe saw these installed to mop up an underspend in the budget, and a further unit went in at Stornoway ferry terminal. The Glasgow unit was installed at Jimmy's (CU site) next door to Buchanan Bus Station, as have the ones near Edinburgh
The success of the Nextbike scheme in Glasgow, has a number of factors behind it
- the local management contract was delivered through Bike for Good, using locally recruited staff, well in tune with cycling culture, who were eventually split from the charity, to operate as a commercial organisation, at first Motion Forward, but now part of the larger Velogik, organisation who have contracts to manage both Nextbike and Beryl bikes in Leeds (& Manchester?)
- the branding paid the base costs for CPH City Bikes in 1995, and continues to provide a core cost base to maintain the service. I base the delivery of bike hire schemes, free pedicabs, and even cycle parking stands on the prices available from media price guides (BRAD or Willeys Guide), and the typical pricing for the industry standard of a 6-sheet illuminated poster (currently c.£1200 per month depending on the location) you can 'buy 40 branded bikes for the price of a single poster, or support a rider with a pedicab offering free rides around the city centre, especially in large pedestrian areas. Cycle parking stands with added value like the Homeport electronic locks on cables that thread through the bike and wheels, with a tamper alarm to alert the bike owner if the lock/cable are interfered with. The electronic locks use a 'handshake' code that makes the lock exclusive to the mobile device or RFID card used
In Manchester the bikes are branded by Starling Bank, In Milton Keynes its Santander (Nextbike) but in London its Santander (Serco). With Glasgow's contract being retendered this year, the OVO contract also ended, so bikes are at present branded 'Glasgow' until the new contract begins
I do note with concern a possible naievete in how a successful bike hire scheme need to be set up, especially the reputation for some of the operators names I hear mentioned
In Scotland we have, to date always used Section 97 (Roads Scotland Act 1984) to require bike hire operators to be licensed as commercial use of the public roads (Street Trading), with the Council having clear T&C & KPI for the operation of the scheme
Glasgow's success has also gained from 'corporate' and user group block memberships with low inertia to join
Asylum seekers, households with transport poverty get free or a 95% discount on membership, to get use of the basic bikes (not EAPC) for up to 1 hour free, and I see these in frequent use. For the UCI races there was also a completely free for all users offer for the regular bikes
Universities also offer free or discounted memberships
Ultimately the bike hire should be a single Total Mobility package, especially for those already using the NEC (Saltire) bus passes, with this providing a great way to promote active travel for older people, which can be measured, through observing how a person making regular bike hires, might have lower heart rate and other common health gains of regular cycle users
If the Heriot-Watt folk see this do get in touch, I've only been working with public bike hire since 1995 ... just 30 years!