“the building fabric requires respiration and that either comes through the windows by draughts or by opening up(which kills any energy efficiency gains from the better glazing and insulation)”
True
But
The unknown (to me) is the amount of ‘natural draught’ tenements and older houses need.
All such houses will have been built with chimneys. Even if they are no longer used they ought to have some sort of vent at the fireplace and the top.
Even hermits open the front door sometimes, so don’t know if opening windows is needed in winter - even assuming windows fit perfectly, all floors are sealed and skirting board gaps are filled.
I’ve lived in various stone tenements and ‘taken an interest’ in draughtproofing, but never found all the draught sources or felt the need to open windows except on hot days.
If you’re doing any draughtproofing, don’t forget to look behind the toilet and under the bath and kitchen sink - often holes in floorboards and walls - sometimes where the mice get in…